Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Die prognostische Bedeutung des prätherapeutischen Hämoglobinwertes sowohl bei alleiniger
chirurgischer Therapie als auch bei primärer oder adjuvanter Radio- oder Radiochemotherapie
von Patienten mit fortgeschrittenen Kopf-/Halskarzinomen wurde vielfach belegt.
Methode: In einer prospektiven Plazebo kontrollierten Doppelblindstudie (Cochrane „Evidence-based-medicine”
Level Ib) wurde der Effekt von Erythropoietin auf den Verlauf bei Patienten mit lokal
fortgeschrittenen Kopf-/Halskarzinomen mit erniedrigtem Bluthämoglobinwert nach primärer
definitiver oder adjuvanter Strahlentherapie analysiert. Untersucht wurde die Zeit
bis zum lokalen Tumorprogress und das Überleben nach Kaplan-Maier.
Ergebnisse: Eingeschlossen wurden 140 Patienten. Nach adjuvanter Bestrahlung betrug die 2-Jahres
lokale Tumorkontrollwahrscheinlichkeit 68 % ± 7 % und 72 ± 7 % für Plazebo und Epoetin
beta-behandelte Patienten (p = 0,64). Primär definitiv bestrahlte Patienten hingegen
erreichten nach zwei Jahren im Plazeboarm eine lokale Tumorkontrollwahrscheinlichkeit
von 36 % ± 11 % im Vergleich zu Epoetin beta mit 23 % ± 11 % (p = 0,05).
Schlussfolgerungen: Die Gabe von Epoetin beta führte bei anämischen Patienten mit fortgeschrittenen Kopf-/Halskarzinomen
zu einer raschen und stabilen Korrektur der Bluthämoglobinwerte. Die Tumorkontrolle
von Patienten mit hoher Tumorlast (nach primär definitiver Bestrahlung) verschlechterte
sich unter Epoetin beta.
Abstract
Background : Various studies have demonstrated the prognostic significance of the pretherapeutic
blood hemoglobin concentration for patients with head and neck cancer following surgery
or primary definitive or adjuvant radio- or radiochemotherapy. It was the aim of this
study to evaluate whether the prognosis of these patients might be improved when correcting
decreased pretherapeutic hemoglobin values by administering erythropoietin.
Method : In a prospective placebo-controlled double-blind study (Cochrane ”:;evidence-based
medicine” level Ib) the effect of erythropoietin was analyzed in patients with locally
advanced head or neck tumours with low blood hemoglobin values (women: < 12 g/dL;
men: < 13 dL) and a Karnofski value of > 60 following primary definite or adjuvant
radiotherapy (up to 70 Gy). The time to local tumour progression and survival was
evaluated. Kaplan-Maier estimates were applied and, the relative risk of well-known
prognostic factors tested for with a Cox Proportional Hazards model.
Results : 157 patients of the Freiburg University ENT-clinic were recruited from 1997 to 2001.
Study conduct was performed according to the GCP guidelines. A rapid increase of the
blood hemoglobin value happened during the first five weeks of treatment under epoetin
beta. Placebo patients experienced only minor changes of the hemoglobin value. Following
adjuvant radiotherapy local tumour control probability at two years was 68 % ± 7 %
and 72 ± 7 % for placebo and epoetin beta patients, respectively (p = 0.64). Patients
who had undergone primary definite radiation experienced a local control probability
of 36 % ± 11 % in the placebo arm after two years, compared to epoetin beta with 23
% ± 11 % (p = 0.05).
Conclusion : Epoetin beta resulted in prompt and stable correction of blood hemoglobin values
in anemic patients with advanced head or neck tumours, but tumour control and survival
was impaired particularly in patients with a high tumour burden.
Schlüsselwörter
Prätherapeutischer Hämoglobinwert - Prognose - Verlauf - prospektive Plazebo kontrollierte
Doppelblindstudie
Key words
Pretherapeutical hemoglobin value - prognosis - progression - prospective placebo-controlled
double-blind study
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Priv.-Doz. Dr. med. Michael Henke
Abeilung Strahlenheilkunde, Radiologische Universitätsklinik, Universitätsklinikum
Freiburg
Hugstetter Straße 55 · 79106 Freiburg
Email: henke@uni-freiburg.de